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P — Pygobranchia to Pyrogenic (Part 4 of 6)

Pyrheliometer
(Pyr*he`li*om"e*ter) n. [Gr. fire + sun + -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the direct heating effect of the sun's rays.

Pyridic
(Py*rid"ic) a. (Physiol. Chem.) Related to, or formed from, pyridin or its homologues; as, the pyridic bases.

Pyridine
(Pyr"i*dine) n. [From Gr. fire.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C5H5N, obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It is the nucleus of a large number of organic substances, among which several vegetable alkaloids, as nicotine and certain of the ptomaïnes, may be mentioned. See Lutidine.

Pyridyl
(Pyr"i*dyl) n. [Pyridine + -yl.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, C5H4N, regarded as the essential residue of pyridine, and analogous to phenyl.

Pyriform
(Pyr"i*form) a. [L. pyrum, pirum, a pear + -form: cf. F. pyriforme, piriforme.] Having the form of a pear; pear- shaped.

Pyritaceous
(Pyr`i*ta"ceous) a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites. See Pyritic.

Pyrite
(Pyr"ite) n.; pl. Pyrites [Cf. F. pyrite. See Pyrites.] (Min.) A common mineral of a pale brass- yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system; iron pyrites; iron disulphide.

Hence sable coal his massy couch extends,
And stars of gold the sparkling pyrite blends.
E. Darwin.

Pyrites
(Py*ri"tes) n. [L., fr. Gr. fr. fire. See Pyre.] (Min.) A name given to a number of metallic minerals, sulphides of iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, and tin, of a white or yellowish color.

The term was originally applied to the mineral pyrite, or iron pyrites, in allusion to its giving sparks when struck with steel.

Arsenical pyrites, arsenopyrite.Auriferous pyrites. See under Auriferous.Capillary pyrites, millerite.Common pyrites, isometric iron disulphide; pyrite.Hair pyrites, millerite.Iron pyrites. See Pyrite.Magnetic pyrites, pyrrhotite.Tin pyrites, stannite.White iron pyrites, orthorhombic iron disulphide; marcasite. This includes cockscomb pyrites spear pyrites, etc.Yellow, or Copper, pyrites, the sulphide of copper and iron; chalcopyrite.

Pyritic
(Py*rit"ic Py*rit"ic*al) a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites; consisting of, or resembling, pyrites.

Pyritiferous
(Pyr`i*tif"er*ous) a. [Pyrites + -ferous.] (Min.) Containing or producing pyrites.

Pyritize
(Pyr"i*tize) v. t. [Cf. F. pyritiser.] To convert into pyrites.

Pyritohedral
(Pyr`i*to*he"dral) a. [See Pyritohedron.] (Crystallog.) Like pyrites in hemihedral form.

Pyritohedron
(Pyr`i*to*he"dron) n. [Pyrite + Gr. base.] (Crystallog.) The pentagonal dodecahedron, a common form of pyrite.

Pyritoid
(Pyr"i*toid) n. [Pyrite + - oid.] (Crystallog.) Pyritohedron. [R.]

Pyritology
(Pyr`i*tol"o*gy) n. [Gr. of fire + -logy.] The science of blowpipe analysis.

Pyritous
(Pyr"i*tous) a. Pyritic.

Pyro-
(Pyro-, Pyr-). Combining forms designating fire or heat; specifically (Chem.), used to imply an actual or theoretical derivative by the action of heat; as in pyrophosphoric, pyrosulphuric, pyrotartaric, pyrotungstic, etc.