Chapter Sulphinate to Sum of S by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)

Sulphonal
(Sul"pho*nal) n. (Med.) A substance employed as a hypnotic, produced by the union of mercaptan and acetone.

Sulphonate
(Sul"pho*nate) n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphonic acid.

Sulphone
(Sul"phone) n. (Chem.) Any one of a series of compounds analogous to the ketones, and consisting of the sulphuryl group united with two hydrocarbon radicals; as, dimethyl sulphone, (CH).SO.

Sulphonic
(Sul*phon"ic) a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, a sulphone; — used specifically to designate any one of a series of acids (regarded as acid ethereal salts of sulphurous acid) obtained by the oxidation of the mercaptans, or by treating sulphuric acid with certain aromatic bases (as benzene); as, phenyl sulphonic acid, C₆H₅.SO₂.OH, a stable colorless crystalline substance.

Sulphonic group (Chem.), the hypothetical radical, SO₂.OH, the characteristic residue of sulphonic acids.

Sulphonium
(Sul*pho"ni*um) n. [Sulphur + ammonium.] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, SH₃, regarded as the type and nucleus of the sulphines.

Sulphophosphate
(Sul`pho*phos"phate) n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphophosphoric acid.

Sulphophosphite
(Sul`pho*phos"phite) n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphophosphorous acid.

Sulphophosphoric
(Sul`pho*phos*phor"ic) a. Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical sulphacid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphoric acid, and known in its salts.

Sulphophosphorous
(Sul`pho*phos"phor*ous) a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a hypothetical acid of phosphorus, analogous to phosphorous acid, and known in its salts.

Sulphosalt
(Sul"pho*salt`) n. (Chem.) A salt of a sulphacid.

Sulphostannate
(Sul`pho*stan"nate) n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphostannic acid.

Sulphostannic
(Sul`pho*stan"nic) a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a sulphacid of tin (more exactly called metasulphostannic acid), which is obtained as a dark brown amorphous substance, HSnS forming a well-known series of salts.

Sulphotungstate
(Sul`pho*tung"state) n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphotungstic acid.

Sulphotungstic
(Sul`pho*tung"stic) a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, hypothetical sulphacid of tungsten analogous to sulphuric acid, and known in its salts.

Sulphovinic
(Sul`pho*vin"ic) a. [Sulpho- + vinum wine: cf. F. sulfovinique.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, and formerly designating, ethylsulphuric acid.

Sulphur
(Sul"phur) n. [L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.]

1. (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as pyrites) and sulphates or native in volcanic regions, in vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy materials, from which it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic weight 32. The specific gravity of ordinary octohedral sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96.

It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a lemon- yellow powder called flour, or flowers, of sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll sulphur, or brimstone. It burns with a blue flame and a peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in medicine but its chief use is in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be obtained in two crystalline modifications, in orthorhombic