Chapter GORAYT to GOUNG of G by The Hobson Jobson Dictionary

GORAYT to GOUNG

GORAYT, s. H. goret, gorait, [which has been connected with Skt. ghur, ‘to shout’]; a village watchman and messenger, [in the N.W.P. usually of a lower grade than the chokidar, and not, like him, paid a cash wage, but remunerated by a piece of rent-free land; one of the village establishment, whose special duty it is to watch crops and harvested grain].

[c. 1808.—“Fifteen messengers (gorayits) are allowed ¼ ser on the man of grain, and from 1 to 5 bigahs of land each.”—Buchanan, Eastern India, ii. 231.]

GORDOWER, GOORDORE, s. A kind of boat in Bengal, described by Ives as “a vessel pushed on by paddles.” Etym. obscure. Ghurdaur is a horse-race, a race-course; sometimes used by natives to express any kind of open-air assemblage of Europeans for amusement. [The word is more probably a corr. of P. girdawa, ‘a patrol’; girdawar, ‘all around, a supervisor,’ because such boats appear to be used in Bengal by officials on their tours of inspection.] 1757.—“To get two bolias (see BOLIAH), a goordore, and 87 dandies (q.v.) from the Nazir.”—Ives, 157.

GOSAIN, GOSSYNE, &c. s. H. and Mahr. Gosain, Gosai, Gosavi, Gusa’in, &c., from Skt. Goswami, ‘Lord of Passions’ (lit. ‘Lord of cows’), i.e. one who is supposed to have subdued his passions and renounced the world. Applied in various parts of India to different kinds of persons not necessarily celibates, but professing a life of religious mendicancy, and including some who dwell together in convents under a superior, and others who engage in trade and hardly pretend to lead a religious life.

1774.—“My hopes of seeing Teshu Lama were chiefly founded on the Gosain.”—Bogle, in Markham’s Tibet, 46.

c. 1781.—“It was at this time in the hands of a Gosine, or Hindoo Religious.”—Hodges, 112. (The use of this barbarism by Hodges is remarkable, common as it has become of late years.)

[1813.—“Unlike the generality of Hindoos, these Gosaings do not burn their dead…”

Forbes, Or. Mem. 2nd ed. i. 312–3; in i. 544 he writes Gosannee.]

1826.—“I found a lonely cottage with a light in the window, and being attired in the habit of a gossein, I did not hesitate to request a lodging for the night.”—Pandurang Hari, 399; [ed. 1873, ii. 275].

GOSBECK, COSBEAGUE, s. A coin spoken of in Persia (at Gombroon and elsewhere). From the quotation from Fryer it appears that there was a Goss and a Gosbegi, corresponding to Herbert’s double and single Cozbeg. Mr. Wollaston in his English-Persian Dict. App. p. 436, among “Moneys now current in Persia,” gives “5 dínár =1 ghaz; also a nominal money.” The ghaz, then, is the name of a coin (though a coin no longer), and ghaz-begi was that worth 10 dinars. Marsden mentions a copper coin, called kazbegi=50 (nominal) dinars, or about 3½d. (Numism. Orient., 456.) But the value in dinars seems to be in error. [Prof. Browne, who referred the matter to M. Husayn Kuli Khan, Secretary of the Persian Embassy in London, writes: “This gentleman states that he knows no word ghazi-beg, or gazi-beg, but that there was formerly a coin called ghaz, of which 5 went to the shahi; but this is no longer used or spoken of.” The ghaz was in use at any rate as late as the time of Hajji Baba; see below.]

[1615.—“The chiefest money that is current in Persia is the Abase, which weigheth 2 metzicales. The second is the mamede, which is half an abesse. The third is the shahey and is a quarter of an abbesse. In the rial of eight are 13 shayes. In the cheken of Venetia 20 shayes. In a shaye are 2½ bisties or casbeges 10. One bistey is 4 casbeges or 2 tanges. The Abasse, momede and Shahey and bistey are of silver; the rest are of copper like to the pissas of India.”—Foster, Letters, iii. 176.]

c. 1630.—“The Abbasee is in our money sixteene pence; Larree ten pence; Mamoodee eight pence; Bistee two pence; double Cozbeg one penny; single Cozbeg one half-penny; Fluces are ten to a Cozbeg.”—Sir T. Herbert, ed. 1638, p. 231.

1673.—“A Banyan that seemingly is not worth a Gosbeck (the lowest coin they have).”—Fryer, 113. See also p. 343.

„ “10 cosbeagues is 1 Shahee; 4 Shahees is one Abassee or 16d.”—Ibid. 211.

„ “Brass money with characters,
Are a Goss, ten whereof compose a Shahee,
A Gosbeege, five of which go to a Shahee.”