and I should question the fact seriously.”]

The word is sometimes used in India [and by the Malays, see above] for ‘a torch,’ because torches are formed of rags dipped in it. This is perhaps the use which accounts for Haex’s explanation below.

1584.—“Demnar (for demmar) from Siacca and Blinton” (i.e. Siak and Billiton).—Barret, in Hakl. ii. 43.

1631.—In Haex’s Malay Vocabulary:Damar, Lumen quod accenditur.”

1673.—“The Boat is not strengthened with Knee-Timbers as ours are, the bended Planks are sowed together with Rope-yarn of the Cocoe, and calked with Dammar (a sort of Rosin taken out of the sea).”—Fryer, 37.

“The long continued Current from the Inland Parts (at Surat) through the vast Wildernesses of huge Woods and Forests, wafts great Rafts of Timber for Shipping and Building: and Damar for Pitch, the finest sented Bitumen (if it be not a gum or Rosin) I ever met with.”—Ibid. 121.

1727.—“Damar, a gum that is used for making Pitch and Tar for the use of Shipping.”—A. Hamilton, ii. 73; [ed. 1744, ii. 72].

c. 1755. “A Demar-Boy (Torch-boy).”—Ives, 50.

1878.—“This dammar, which is the general Malayan name for resin, is dug out of the forests by the Malays, and seems to be the fossilised juices of former growth of jungle.”—McNair, Perak, &c., 188.

1885.—“The other great industry of the place (in Sumatra) is dammar collecting. This substance, as is well known, is the resin which exudes from notches made in various species of coniferous and dipterocarpous trees…out of whose stem…the native cuts large notches up to a height of 40 or 50 feet from the ground. The tree is then left for 3 or 4 months when, if it be a very healthy one, sufficient dammar will have exuded to make it worth while collecting; the yield may then be as much as 94 Amsterdam pounds.”—H. O. Forbes, A Naturalist’s Wanderings, p. 135.

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